Monday, May 2, 2022

The Persia (Iran) Underground Water Transport System

 The civilization of Persia (Iran) was one of the most flourishing that existed for thousands of years and, beyond art, left us culture and several techniques, to improve the cities, worthy of admiration. The strange holes in the ground in the photo below are almost 2700 years old. This facility is called kyariz, or qanat, a gently sloping underground water channel to transport the water from an aquifer or water well to the surface for irrigation and drinking.

qanat, qanat system, underground irrigation system, persian qanat, karez system, karez underground water system, dug water channel crossword, the persian qanat, qanat water management system, kariz

Qanat water system


Ancient Persian Qanats much of its success was due to its excellent water management, both in cities and in the countryside. The empire lived under high temperatures and a very dry climate, so it was essential to know how to enjoy the scarce rains. One of his best inventions was the Qanat, an underground infrastructure capable of collecting and channelling rainwater from aquifers and valleys, and transporting it to cities. This ancient Persian water system has now been named a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2007.

ancient persian qanats, qanats of iran, persian qanat, ancient persian water system, iran's qanat, qanats underground tunnle, qantas tunnel, qanat system in ancient persia, qanat system, qanat well, qanat water systems, qanat cooling, persia qanat, qanat system in house, qanat shaft, qanat underground water, qanat system iran desert, desert persian qanat, ancient qanat, in a qanat iran, qanat irrigation, qanat ancient iran, qanat system of vertical shaft
Photo by Wikipedia.org

Qanat water management system

The Qanats technique was developed in Persia. This wonderful invention has been extended to other arid countries such as Morocco, Algeria, Libya, and Afghanistan. First, the main well was dug up a hill, until an underground aquifer was found. Then a horizontal tunnel was built, from the bottom of the hill to the source of water. The tunnel had a pipeline and a large slope to transport the water to the desired location. The higher the Qanat, the lower its slope.

Underground irrigation system

The other vertical wells were built along the Qanat. These ensure the ventilation of water, as well as its control and rationing. It was also an escape route from the earth, generated by emptying the tunnel. The length of these Qanats is 33.113 meters and contains 427 grooves for water. The facilities were built using the laws of physics, geology, and hydraulics.

ancient persian qanats, qanats of iran, persian qanat, ancient persian water system, iran's qanat, qanats underground tunnle, qantas tunnel, qanat system in ancient persia, qanat system, qanat well, qanat water systems, qanat cooling, persia qanat, qanat system in house, qanat shaft, qanat underground water, qanat system iran desert, desert persian qanat, ancient qanat, in a qanat iran, qanat irrigation, qanat ancient iran, qanat system of vertical shaft
Photo by ICQHS

Thanks to its depth, the Qanat system collected water from the aquifers and avoided evaporation during transport. Within this infrastructure, there are also rest areas for workers, tanks, and watermills.

Being water filtered through the earth, the flow was safe and clean, so it was ideal for both drinking and watering. At the end of the Qanat, there was a building that stored the water, where people could also make their own private plumbing. The Persian government was forced to build the Qanat to transport water from the mountains to the city and to the public toilets. Rich people could do an extension to their land with their own money. The public cisterns, called Ab Anbar, were another wonderful device. They had an air intake system to keep the water cold in the desert.

Most curious of all is that this old water management system still continues to run, and allows an equitable and sustainable distribution of water and it provides water to about 40,000 people.

ancient persian qanats, qanats of iran, persian qanat, ancient persian water system, iran's qanat, qanats underground tunnle, qantas tunnel, qanat system in ancient persia, qanat system, qanat well, qanat water systems, qanat cooling, persia qanat, qanat system in house, qanat shaft, qanat underground water, qanat system iran desert, desert persian qanat, ancient qanat, in a qanat iran, qanat irrigation, qanat ancient iran, qanat system of vertical shaft
Photo by MAITE ELORZA

ancient persian qanats, qanats of iran, persian qanat, ancient persian water system, iran's qanat, qanats underground tunnle, qantas tunnel, qanat system in ancient persia, qanat system, qanat well, qanat water systems, qanat cooling, persia qanat, qanat system in house, qanat shaft, qanat underground water, qanat system iran desert, desert persian qanat, ancient qanat, in a qanat iran, qanat irrigation, qanat ancient iran, qanat system of vertical shaft
Photo by ICQHS

ancient persian qanats, qanats of iran, persian qanat, ancient persian water system, iran's qanat, qanats underground tunnle, qantas tunnel, qanat system in ancient persia, qanat system, qanat well, qanat water systems, qanat cooling, persia qanat, qanat system in house, qanat shaft, qanat underground water, qanat system iran desert, desert persian qanat, ancient qanat, in a qanat iran, qanat irrigation, qanat ancient iran, qanat system of vertical shaft
Photo by Img-Fotki

ancient persian qanats, qanats of iran, persian qanat, ancient persian water system, iran's qanat, qanats underground tunnle, qantas tunnel, qanat system in ancient persia, qanat system, qanat well, qanat water systems, qanat cooling, persia qanat, qanat system in house, qanat shaft, qanat underground water, qanat system iran desert, desert persian qanat, ancient qanat, in a qanat iran, qanat irrigation, qanat ancient iran, qanat system of vertical shaft
Photo by Img-Fotki

A badgir: typical iranian desert natural cooling system made with mud bricks and Adobe. It uses the air circulation between 2 towers passing through a dome refreshed by the flow of water into an underground channel named Qanat.
Photo by dynamosquito
A badger: typical Iranian desert natural cooling system made with mud bricks and Adobe. It uses the air circulation between 2 towers passing through a dome refreshed by the flow of water into an underground channel named Qanat.

ancient persian qanats, qanats of iran, persian qanat, ancient persian water system, iran's qanat, qanats underground tunnle, qantas tunnel, qanat system in ancient persia, qanat system, qanat well, qanat water systems, qanat cooling, persia qanat, qanat system in house, qanat shaft, qanat underground water, qanat system iran desert, desert persian qanat, ancient qanat, in a qanat iran, qanat irrigation, qanat ancient iran, qanat system of vertical shaft
Photo by Img-Fotki

ancient persian qanats, qanats of iran, persian qanat, ancient persian water system, iran's qanat, qanats underground tunnle, qantas tunnel, qanat system in ancient persia, qanat system, qanat well, qanat water systems, qanat cooling, persia qanat, qanat system in house, qanat shaft, qanat underground water, qanat system iran desert, desert persian qanat, ancient qanat, in a qanat iran, qanat irrigation, qanat ancient iran, qanat system of vertical shaft
Photo by Img-Fotki

ancient persian qanats, qanats of iran, persian qanat, ancient persian water system, iran's qanat, qanats underground tunnle, qantas tunnel, qanat system in ancient persia, qanat system, qanat well, qanat water systems, qanat cooling, persia qanat, qanat system in house, qanat shaft, qanat underground water, qanat system iran desert, desert persian qanat, ancient qanat, in a qanat iran, qanat irrigation, qanat ancient iran, qanat system of vertical shaft

No comments:

Post a Comment